Lots of people have trouble with those timesaving strokes known as "Briefs and Phrases."    They are great when they work, but horrible when they don't.  As you go up in speed, you must make choices about them.  If you hesitate for one second at 225, you have let four words go by.  If you write out almost any Q&A phrase, you end up writing very simple words that are no trouble. 

Ultimately, the hesitation is worse than writing out the phrase.  Keep that straight.  Writing out the phrase is always a correct choice.  Hesitating on the phrase is always incorrect.  If you use the brief or phrase, it must be without hesitation.

Briefs and phrases are great to know, even better to know how to use.  But they will never be part of your base speed.  They are for emergencies.  They help you get out of trouble. 

Briefs and phrases are little bonuses to ease your burden.  But you can't depend on them.  They do not consistently appear. 

One section has a lot of briefs and phrases.  So you do well.  The next section has very few.  So you do not so good. 

It is nice that you performed so well on the first section, but you won't be passing many tests until you can do the second section. 

     Step Three asked you to do a slow easy drill and drop the last word in every sentence.

   Step Four wants you to do the same drill, but now you should drop the hardest word in each sentence.  Now you must choose.  Which word slows you down the most or is the hardest to stroke?   Find that word.  Drop it.  Move on to the next word.

   Remember to keep your drill very slow.  You are learning to drop.  Learn to knock out all hesitation associated with the drop.  Keep it smooth. 

   This drill is probably very irritating to some of you.  Calm down.  You don't have to write at breakneck speed to succeed.  Rhythm, control, clarity -- those are the keys. 

   No fair skipping some of the steps.  If you haven't put in the time, you won't progress as well. 

   If you have any trouble with this drill, you should repeat earlier steps. 

   
   

   "Pulling" the dictation out of your notes refers to the skill necessary to read sloppy notes.  It is a useful skill for emergency situations.

   But if you are faced with this situation,  the critical question is not whether you can read the notes.  The question is: why did you write so sloppy?

   Your road to improvement lies in writing clearer.  That is the skill that you need.  

   And the "pulling" of the dictation?  Save that for the emergency situations. 

   You should not have more than one "emergency" situation per minute.  You should be able to read your notes very quickly and accurately.  If you constantly stumble on readback, then you are not writing well enough.

   Keep your standards high.  You are training for one of the most respected jobs in the world.  It is assumed that all stenographers are competent and professional.  That is a reputation that we can be proud of.

   I don't know who coined the term, but short, quick Questions and Answers turn Testimony into that special drill known as Popcorn.
   You are either on top of the dictation or you are dropping.  There is no middle ground.  Popcorn Testimony is unforgiving. 
   This makes it the perfect drill to teach Literary.  On the average Literary drill, you can learn bad habits.  These habits could be the reason why you are not passing Literary.   Popcorn drill will not allow such habits. 
   Sometimes, the very best drill for Literary is Popcorn Testimony.

   By the way, you can tell whether you need Popcorn Testimony by asking yourself this question:  Do you hate Popcorn Testimony?  If you do, then you really need to practice it. 

   This is our Age of Enlightenment.  The speed-first methods of writing are falling into disfavor.  It will take time.  Ten years ago, a teacher who believed in clarity and rhythm was a maverick.  Today, the roles are being switched.  The mainstream authors, save one misguided exception, all agree.  Speed is not the answer. 

   Some of your teachers get as irritated as I do over the "new" theories of writing as fast as possible on material that is beyond your abilities.  We heard it all before.  It's not new.  It didn't work for us.  It won't work for you. 

   Speed isn't the answer.  Even the guys who preach speed don't really believe it anymore.  They have gotten tired of the rest of us asking them about clarity and control.  Nowadays, they always end their lectures by saying "And of course, you must have clarity and control the whole time." 

   Heck, if I have clarity and control, I don't need speed.  I need directions to the next class because I just passed my tests.

   I go farther than most teachers.  I don't teach speed at all.  I teach how to handle hesitation, big words, little words, clarity, carrying, strategy, dropping, names, numbers, phrases, briefs, etc.  In my class, I don't want you to be writing at top speed.  I want you to write slower than that so that you can achieve top performance.  Speed demons always crash and burn.  I want someone who can make it to the end of the race.
   
      If you are almost ready to pass a test and you think you need a little more speed, you probably:
         have trouble with little words
         have trouble with the s, d, g, endings.
         readback in class pretty well
         don't surge fast and slow very much, but when you do, you have trouble stopping
         have trouble regaining accuracy after you "fracture" your writing on a hard drill      
         have little trouble on speed drills
         have trouble with Testimony

   That last one isn't fair.  It's too easy.  All people who have trouble with Testimony blame it on speed.  It's a normal reaction, but it isn't correct.  Testimony if chock full of all of those simple words that you practiced in Theory.  You can write those words faster than any others.  The answer isn't speed.

   Conversely, those who hate Literary are quite frank and open that the problem is not speed.  It's all of those big blankety-blank words.

   Here is the whole deal in a nut shell.  Your success does not depend on how fast you write.  You write fast enough as it is.  You don't need to practice that skill.  You are having trouble on the tests because on certain parts of the test you write extremely slow.  If you are close to passing a test, there are only a couple of those slow sections per test. 

   You can argue that you are not writing slow, but that the dictation is coming too fast.  Same difference.  The fact is that the teacher is spitting out the words and you're having trouble writing them.  Don't worry about where we place the blame.  Worry about how to change your writing so that you gain more points on those hard sections. 

All you have to do is figure out how to perform a little better on two or three sections of a test.  Sorry, no cool answers from me.  You have to figure that out for yourself.  What is it about a test that makes it so tough?  That's the question that leads to your answer.

   The hard parts on my tests involve words that begin with vowels, names, lists of any kind, the goofy right-hand endings, strings of little words.  Those are my "hard" sections on a test.  Each one is something that I don't do very well.  Each one is something that I should practice every day.  Each one involves not a lack of speed, but a lack of basic skills. 

   In other words, I will be "faster," when I have learned not to be so slow on those things. 

   What will make you "faster"?  Find out, then direct your practice at it.

   You can't write it fast until you can write it slow.  Don't let anybody tell you otherwise. 

Answers to many questions

   ANSWER NO. 1  No.  The drill is supposed to be really slow.  The problem is dropping, not stroking.  You have to allow yourself time to learn the technique.  Go slow.  Write clean.  Drop without hesitation.

   ANSWER NO. 2  Yes, that is all right.  You can use the technique now during regular drills or tests.  Just make sure that you continue to refine the technique by repeated practice at low speed with easy words.

   ANSWER NO. 3  If you get really bored, you can use regular drill.  Just make sure you refine the technique by repeated practice at low speed with easy words.

   ANSWER NO. 4  Easy words.  That's all I'll say while you take that tone of voice.

   ANSWER NO. 5  See that wasn't so hard.  Okay, I'll tell you why easy words are better than any others as far as this drill.  You are learning to judge the relative worth of the words that you stroke.  You should be thinking about how much work it takes you to earn each point on a test. 

   When you drop, you should drop the most difficult word.  Easy words help you learn that skill.  In this case, easy words are actually the hard ones.  It is hard to tell which one to choose.
   
Hard Sentence to choose the hard word:  Where was it when you saw it? Easy words make it hard to choose.  In the first sentence, I have to weigh my clarity and speed on words that are close to memorized.  I write all of the words relatively well, but if I had to choose, the word "when" gives me more trouble.

Easy Sentence to choose the hard word:  Mr. President, the stamped legislation before us requires our utmost attention.
Hard words make it easy to choose.  Instead of pure writing, we employ briefs, phrases, squeezes, with varying success.  Some strokes are just tough.  The hardest word for me is "stamped."  I hate all words with the MP ending.  "Utmost" is also tough.  It's the same number of strokes as "requires," but I don't like the ST ending of "utmost."  "Utmost" is actually a shorter word than "legislation" or "attention," but  they are both easy one-stroke words. 

So you learn on the easy words.  Then it is a dream to apply it to the big words on regular dictation.  
   ANSWER NO. 6   Ubiquitous?  Yes, that word is everywhere, isn't it.

   ANSWER NO. 8  It took you a lot of practice and a lot of class time to get to where you are.  Be patient.  It will not take you long to get on the right track.

   ANSWER NO. 9  No, I haven't seen Answer No. 7 either.  We called his house.  His mom said he was trying out for a job as an Exhibit No.

   The book will come with its own MP3 drills.  Before each drill  begins, the speaker will announce the speed of the take and your goal.  Some drills may have additional instructions.  The drills are constructed specifically to teach how to carry correctly and drop correctly.  The drills are being written, but they won't be recorded until shortly before publication.  So I can't offer them to you, but we can achieve good results with some patient drilling on your part.

Remember that Goal Number One is Clarity.  Number Two is Carrying.

   Step Two, The Shastay Way, asked you to pick out a very easy drill with little words.  All you did was listen to it and pick out the hardest words.  I hope you picked easy stuff at a low speed.  

   Now it is time to write the drill.  Start it up, and go from beginning to end.  Write the entire drill.  You should be able to write all of it clearly and accurately at a controlled slow speed.  If you cannot do so, the drill is too hard or too fastl.  Choose a more appropriate drill.
   
   This second time through the drill, I want you to drop the last word in every sentence.  Work on this so that you can move smoothly from one stroke to another.  Watch the hesitation.

   Work on this until you get really bored with the dictation.  Then find something equally slow and easy.  Drill on that until you bored again.

   Do not challenge yourself with a difficult drill.  You are beginning.  Give yourself time to learn the basics.  By next week, you should be proficient at this drill and ready for the next step. 

   To review:
      Use easy drill at a low speed.
      You must be able to easily write all of the drill.
      Despite the fact that it is easy, I want you to drop the last word in every sentence.

   Easy, easy, easy.  If you want to learn at the maximum rate, you will use easy drill.

  

      

   I gave a special class for the 225 students to teach them the Shastay Way.  Five of them attended.  We never actually got around to using their machines.  We spent an hour discussing the method.  They were enthused.
   The next day they reported that they were able to employ the method, but they had breakdowns in technique.  I told them not to worry.  They were new to the method.   I promised them one extra hour of drill twice a week.  Several of the others want to attend. 
   I have always had trouble teaching upper speed students new things.  The Shastay Way appears to be an exception.  Students at all levels embrace the method.  That is very encouraging.  All teachers can use it with minimal resistance.
   P.S.  This weekend will see several new blogs.  I will be working constantly on the book, and I will publish the next step plus a few other things.

   I have never heard of anyone using this drill, but it is quite effective.  So unless you have a copyright, this drill is part of my official bag of tricks.

   Select an appropriate medium drill.  Tell the students that they must finish within a few strokes of the end of the drill.  Drill for ten seconds.
   Tell the students to stop as soon as the drill is over.  Read back the last four words to refresh the students' memories.  Have them check their notes to see if they were writing those words when you finished.
   Just this one time, for purposes of familarizing students with the drill, repeat the exact dictation in the exact same way.  Challenge the students to be writing somewhere on those four words when you finish dictating.

   Go on to another section.  Do not repeat the dictation again.

   This drill teaches students to stay on top of the dictation.  If the section that you chose has all easy words, then all they must do is keep their hands going.  If the section that you chose is hard, then the students must learn to drop the individual big words.

   If you are at a school that requires 98%, you can pass a test if:
      A)  you can read 98 out of 100 words
               and if you don't make any other mistakes at all.
      B)  you can read 99 out of 100 words
               and if you make only one other type of error per 100 words.
      C)  you make no mistakes of clarity
               and if you make only two other errors per 100 words.